Slenomegaly its causes,classification

Slenomegaly

Functions of the Spleen

•          Filters out and destroys old and damaged blood cells, intraerythrocyte inclusions and foreign particles.

•          Plays a key role in preventing infection by producing lymphocytes and acting as a first line of defense against invading pathogens.

•          Stores RBCs and platelets.

•          Hematopoietic Function

Causes of Splenomegaly

Classification of Splenomegaly by Mechanism

Mechanism                     Causative Diseases

Infection                Viral: EBV, CMV, HIV and Hepatitis                                                                                                                                                                           

                             Bacterial: Salmonella, Brucella,  SBE    

                                             TB and Syphilis.

                            Protozoal: Malaria, Toxoplasma and    

                                               leishmania.

                            Fungal: Histoplasmosis, 

                                        Coccidiodmycos

                                       G6PD and PKD

                                       AIHA

venous outflow obstruction     Cirrhosis and 

                                    portal hypertension                                                                 

                                    Splenic vein thrombosis

 Immune Response                 SLE, RA and Felty’s 

                                          Syndrome

Infiltrative                              Sarcoidosis

                                              Amyloidosis

                                             Gaucher disease

Neoplastic                              Lymphoproliferative     

                                                  (HD,NHL,CLL)

                                               Myeloproliferative      

                                                (CML, PCV, ETT,MF)

                                               Hairy Cell Leukemia, ALL and    

                                               AML

                                               Sarcoma

                                              Metastatic carcinoma

Miscellaneous                        Trauma

                                               Splenic cysts

                                               Hemangioma