Non –immune acquired hemolytic anemia its causes and its mechanisms

Non –immune acquired hemolytic anemia

 Red cells may be prematurely destroyed through increased mechanical stress , acquired defects of the red cell membrane , infections or chemical agents 
* increased rigidity of vessels wall .
* disease of the small blood vessels .
*direct trauma to the red cells in exposed areas , such as the feet or hands .

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia 
A group of disorders in which there is intravascular hemolysis and fragmentation of the red cells secondary to the disease of the small vessels

Causes of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia include :
* disseminated cancer , especially mucus –secreting .
* septicaemia .
* purpura fulminans .
* collagen vascular disorders .
* toxemia of pregnancy .
* malignant hypertension .
* cavernous hemangiomas .

March hemoglobinuria :

characterized by attacks of hemoglobinuria following strenuous physical exercise .

A similar picture has been described in practitioners of karate .