Differential diagnosis of short stature and its causes

Causes :

1. : familial & constitutional : the commonest

2. Endocrinal

a. ↓ GH : Levi-lorian, Frolich’s, Laurance Moon Biedle.

b. ↓ T4 : cretinism & juvenile myxoedema.

c. ↑ sex hormones : precocious puberty.

d. ↑ cortisol : Cushing or excess steroid ttt.

3. Chronic sever illness during childhood :

a. CVS : sever rheumatic fever,

congenital heart diseases.

b. Lung : polycystic lung disease.
c. GIT : mal-absorption & malnutrition

d. Kidney : chronic nephritis.

4. Skeletal causes :

a. Congenital :

i. Aconrdoplasia : short limbs é normal trunk.

ii. Osteochondrodystrophy :

both limbs & trunk are short & deformed.

b. Acquired :

i. Rickets.

ii. Pott’s disease of spine.

iii. Paget’s disease of bone.

5. Genetic causes :

a. Mongolism [Down’s syndrome] trisomy 21.

b. Turner’s syndrome [ 45+ XO ].c. Noonan’s syndrome
see the pictures